Santiago Rusiñol (1861–1931), Spanish, A key figure in Catalan Modernism, this painter, writer, and playwright infused his work with a melancholic elegance, often capturing the quiet beauty of gardens, crumbling architecture, and introspective figures. Though initially influenced by realism, his style evolved into a dreamier, more symbolic approach, with loose brushwork and a muted palette that conveyed nostalgia and decay. His fascination with abandoned spaces—monasteries, overgrown courtyards—hinted at a broader preoccupation with time’s passage and the fading grandeur of the past.
Beyond painting, he was a central figure in Barcelona’s intellectual circles, co-founding *Els Quatre Gats*, a café that became a hub for avant-garde artists, including a young Picasso. His plays and essays often explored themes of artistic struggle and societal alienation, mirroring the tensions in his visual art. While less internationally celebrated than some contemporaries, his influence on Catalan culture was profound, blending local identity with European symbolism. Later works leaned into impressionism, though he never fully abandoned his poetic, almost mournful sensibility. Critics sometimes dismissed him as sentimental, but his ability to find depth in stillness remains compelling.